| sunflowerplot {graphics} | R Documentation |
Multiple points are plotted as “sunflowers” with multiple leaves (“petals”) such that overplotting is visualized instead of accidental and invisible.
sunflowerplot(x, y = NULL, number, log = "", digits = 6,
xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL, xlim = NULL, ylim = NULL,
add = FALSE, rotate = FALSE,
pch = 16, cex = 0.8, cex.fact = 1.5, col = par("col"), bg = NA,
size = 1/8, seg.col = 2, seg.lwd = 1.5, ...)
x |
numeric vector of x-coordinates of length n,
say, or another valid plotting structure, as for
plot.default, see also xy.coords. |
y |
numeric vector of y-coordinates of length n. |
number |
integer vector of length n. number[i] = number
of replicates for (x[i],y[i]), may be 0.Default: compute the exact multiplicity of the points x[],y[]. |
log |
character indicating log coordinate scale, see
plot.default. |
digits |
when number is computed (i.e., not specified),
x and y are rounded to digits significant
digits before multiplicities are computed. |
xlab,ylab |
character label for x-, or y-axis, respectively. |
xlim,ylim |
numeric(2) limiting the extents of the x-,
or y-axis. |
add |
logical; should the plot be added on a previous one ?
Default is FALSE. |
rotate |
logical; if TRUE, randomly rotate the
sunflowers (preventing artefacts). |
pch |
plotting character to be used for points
(number[i]==1) and center of sunflowers. |
cex |
numeric; character size expansion of center points
(s. pch). |
cex.fact |
numeric shrinking factor to be used for the
center points when there are flower leaves,
i.e., cex / cex.fact is used for these. |
col, bg |
colors for the plot symbols, passed to
plot.default. |
size |
of sunflower leaves in inches, 1[in] := 2.54[cm]. Default: 1/8", approximately 3.2mm. |
seg.col |
color to be used for the segments which make the
sunflowers leaves, see par(col=);
col = "gold" reminds of real sunflowers. |
seg.lwd |
numeric; the line width for the leaves' segments. |
... |
further arguments to plot [if
add=FALSE]. |
For number[i]==1, a (slightly enlarged) usual plotting symbol
(pch) is drawn.
For number[i] > 1, a small plotting symbol is drawn and
number[i] equi-angular “rays” emanate from it.
If rotate=TRUE and number[i] >= 2, a random direction
is chosen (instead of the y-axis) for the first ray. The goal is to
jitter the orientations of the sunflowers in order to prevent
artefactual visual impressions.
A list with three components of same length,
x |
x coordinates |
y |
y coordinates |
number |
number |
A scatter plot is drawn with “sunflowers” as symbols.
Andreas Ruckstuhl, Werner Stahel, Martin Maechler, Tim Hesterberg, 1989–1993. Port to R by Martin Maechler maechler@stat.math.ethz.ch.
Chambers, J. M., Cleveland, W. S., Kleiner, B. and Tukey, P. A. (1983) Graphical Methods for Data Analysis. Wadsworth.
Schilling, M. F. and Watkins, A. E. (1994) A suggestion for sunflower plots. The American Statistician, 48, 303–305.
## 'number' is computed automatically:
sunflowerplot(iris[, 3:4])
## Imitating Chambers et al., p.109, closely:
sunflowerplot(iris[, 3:4],cex=.2, cex.f=1, size=.035, seg.lwd=.8)
sunflowerplot(x=sort(2*round(rnorm(100))), y= round(rnorm(100),0),
main = "Sunflower Plot of Rounded N(0,1)")
## A 'point process' {explicit 'number' argument}:
sunflowerplot(rnorm(100),rnorm(100), number=rpois(n=100,lambda=2),
rotate=TRUE, main="Sunflower plot", col = "blue4")